While there are lots of rescue organizations and rehoming efforts, these aren’t enough for the growing population of stray cats. So, what do you do if you find a stray cat?

This guide is designed to help you understand what to do if you encounter a stray cat. From assessing their situation to determining their needs, we’ll talk about everything you need to know about these stray cats and the ways you can help.

Step 1: Check if the Cat is a Stray or Feral

Before taking action, it’s important to distinguish whether the cat is stray or feral. These two types of cats are vastly different in personality, needs, and behaviors, so knowing the difference can guide your next steps.

What Is a Stray Cat?

A stray cat is a domestic cat that was lost or abandoned. Stray cats often experience human interaction, which means you can observe their approach and seek attention. As time passes by, a stray cat may become careful or wary of humans. 

Here's how you can tell if a cat is a stray.

• They are much more likely to approach. Stray cats are more likely to get close to humans, especially if they want to ask for help or food. While they might not go immediately, they will slowly approach or meow.

• They look a bit dirty and thin. A stray cat’s coat may look slightly dirty or unkempt, but not excessively so. Some can even retain self-care habits. They can also look thinner.

• They seek humans. Stray cats often move during the day and might seek shelter in areas close to human activity, such as porches, garages, or parks. They can also possess behaviors of a domestic cat, such as rubbing against people. 

• They have identification tags. Stray cats might have visible signs of ownership, such as a collar or remnants of one.

What Is a Feral Cat?

Feral cats are those that have not had any close contact with humans for a long time.

They are not that friendly to humans, and most will avoid contact. While they are part of the community, it's much better and safer to leave them in their natural environment. Leave them to proper care programs such as Trap-Neuter-Release to keep them and yourself safe. 

Here are some indicators of a feral cat:

• They avoid humans. Feral cats are extremely wary of people and will keep away. They will also flee when approached and hide when they feel like they're in danger. 

• Their coats look much better. Due to constant exposure to outdoor elements, their coats may appear rougher or more weathered. Feral cats are skilled survivors and may appear healthier than stray cats in some cases.

• They don’t vocalize. Feral cats rarely meow at humans since they don't think of them as sources of care. They will remain silent, wary, and cautious. 

• They live in a colony. They band together with other feral cats and establish territories in areas without any humans. Plus, feral cats are more active during nighttime hours.

While feral and stray cats are slightly different, they're both still cats. These notes are just guidelines on the common indicators. 

Step 2: Assess the Situation Carefully

Before helping a stray cat, stop and observe. Cats are sensitive, so approaching them will require patience. One misstep can be dangerous for either party.

Take a moment to distance yourself and observe its behavior. If the cat slowly approaches and constantly watches you, it’s most likely used to human interaction. If the cat keeps its distance all the time, then it may be feral and wary of your presence.

Be careful if they become aggressive. In such cases, avoiding direct contact and calling support for assistance is better.

Cats are highly sensitive to your movements because of their experience in the outside world. If possible, crouch down and slowly draw them toward you. We still recommend avoiding contact, even if they seem friendly. They may have unknown diseases that can affect humans. 

Step 3: Give Food and Water

This step is optional, as it’s much better not give any food or water if you’re not committed to long-term care or adoption. If you want to help them find a home, start with food and water to break the ice. 

Stray cats, especially those living outdoors for extended periods, may not be picky eaters. However, offering the right type of food can make them feel more comfortable. 

Tuna, chicken, or wet cat food is highly appealing. These are also good sources of nutrition if the stray cat is malnourished. If you want convenience, offer up some dry food, as these can be stored for longer and be served more easily. 

Never offer milk, chocolate, onions, garlic, or seasoned foods, as these can be harmful or toxic to cats. Cats have sensitive digestive systems. When they ingest something that their bodies don’t agree with, it can cause a whole range of problems.

Fresh, clean water is just as important as a meal. Since a stray cat doesn't have access to safe and clean drinking water, it's best to offer some in a small cup. Give some distance after pouring the water so they can approach without being scared.