Seeing dandruff on your dog’s coat can be surprising. While it’s not typically a serious issue, this can often signal that their skin needs more attention and care. In many cases, it can also indicate a specific health issue.
Luckily, dog dandruff can be treated and prevented. But before that, let’s learn more about what it actually is.
What Are the Types of Dandruff in Dogs?
Dog dandruff can be classified into two types, namely:
Dry Dandruff
Dry dandruff is the usual kind that looks white, dry, and flaky. They can be scattered all around the dog's body. This type is often due to overly oily or dry skin. Dogs with dry dandruff may have dull, flaky coats, and while this type is usually mild, it can cause discomfort.
Oily Dandruff
In some cases, dandruff may appear greasy, with yellowish flakes and a noticeable odor. This type of dandruff results from an overproduction of skin oils, also known as seborrhea. Oily dandruff in dogs is usually accompanied by a waxy or sticky feel to the skin.
Walking Dandruff
This unique type of dandruff is caused by Cheyletiella mites, which are parasites that live on the skin and cause immense irritation and itching. The flakes seem to move or “walk” because of the mites, and treatment often requires medication to eliminate the parasites.
This type of dandruff is highly contagious and can easily spread to other dogs through direct contact.
What Causes Dandruff in Dogs?
Dogs can get dandruff for various reasons and they revolve around several factors in their environment and lifestyle. This includes:
Environmental Factors
Seasonal changes and certain home conditions, particularly those during the colder months, can dry out your dog’s skin. This is a common reason why dogs get dandruff. If the level of humidity in your home gets low, dandruff and flakiness will be common for your dog.
Additionally, excessively hot weather can also dry out the skin, resulting in flakiness, dandruff, and oil production.
Dietary Deficiencies
Inadequate nutrition can also cause dandruff in dogs. Dogs need a balanced diet to maintain skin and coat health. Nutrients such as omega fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin E, and protein are essential for this.
When they don’t receive these essential building blocks, their skin can get easily damaged, increasing the likelihood of dog dandruff.
Skin Infections and Parasites
Bacterial and fungal infections can also be the reason for dog dandruff by irritating the skin and causing inflammation. These issues increase the shedding of skin cells, which results in canine dandruff. Common skin infections include ringworm and Malassezia dermatitis.
Some cases of dandruff are also linked to parasitic mites, particularly Cheyletiella mites.
Allergies
Allergies in dogs can also lead to dandruff. Certain allergens, whether from the environment or food, can result in flakiness on the skin. This happens due to the inflammation, which increases the process of skin cell shedding and leads to flaking.
Underlying Health Conditions
Certain health issues, such as hypothyroidism, Cushing’s disease, or diabetes, can affect a dog’s skin condition. This occurs due to hormonal imbalances and the disruption of the sebaceous glands' normal function, leading to an increase in sebum production.
Through this, the skin becomes more vulnerable to skin conditions such as dryness, irritation, and inflammation.
Overbathing and Harsh Products
Dry skin can also come from overbathing and using harsh products that damage the skin. Dogs need to maintain natural oils on their skin to help protect them against dryness.
How Do Vets Diagnose Dog Dandruff?
Diagnosing the cause of your dog's dandruff requires several methods. Here's a general view on the steps our pet dermatologists take:
Physical Examination. We’ll begin by thoroughly examining your dog’s skin and coat. Our vets will check for any of the symptoms, which can be dryness, oiliness, redness, or any other related signs. From here, we can proceed to the next steps.
Skin Scraping. For cases in which the dog dandruff appears severe or unusual, like walking dandruff, we may perform a skin scraping. Skin scraping can help us identify mites on your dog’s skin. This is done by taking a small sample of skin cells and placing them under a microscope.
Blood Tests and Urinalysis. We’ll utilize lab tests such as bloodwork and urine tests to check for any health concerns your dog may have. These tests allow us to identify any internal issues such as hypothyroidism, Cushing’s disease, and diabetes.
Allergy Testing. If allergies are suspected, our vets may suggest allergy testing. We may do an intradermal test wherein we inject a small and safe amount of specific allergens under your dog’s skin. If there are any reactions, then it’s a positive result.
Fungal and Bacterial Cultures. In some cases, we may take samples to test for fungal or bacterial infections that could be causing the dandruff. Specific cultures can help determine the type of infection for precise treatment.
How Do You Treat Dandruff in Dogs?
Treating your dog’s dandruff can be done with a few home remedies and veterinary treatments. In many cases, how you treat canine dandruff is similar to how you can prevent it from happening. Here’s a closer look:
Topical Treatments and Medicated Shampoos
For mild cases of dandruff, a gentle and moisturizing anti-dandruff shampoo for dogs can help relieve the effects of dryness. We may recommend oatmeal-based shampoos or ones formulated with aloe vera and other components that can help soothe the skin.
For severe cases, medicated shampoos will be recommended depending on your dog’s condition. These shampoos can have ingredients such as salicylic acid or ketoconazole.
If dog dandruff is linked to infections or parasites, we’ll prescribe the appropriate medications to help fight them off. This can include antibiotics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, and antiparasitic treatments.
Clearing up the problem usually resolves dandruff quickly with follow-up care as a way to make sure it does. All these are available at our vet pharmacy, so you’ll be able to get what you need after a checkup.
Dietary Adjustments and Supplements
Nutrition plays a huge role in your dog’s skin health. A high-quality diet that provides essential nutrients can help improve your dog’s coat condition.
Vitamin A, vitamin E, omega fatty acids, and protein are crucial for maintaining and developing healthy skin and coat. If needed, we can also provide supplements to support your dog’s diet.
If you want convenient options, then lots of brands offer high-quality dog food that also specializes in maintaining skin health. If you want natural options, opt for salmon, sweet potatoes, carrots, and pumpkins. Just make sure to prepare them correctly.
Also, it’s good practice to keep your dog hydrated, especially in unusual temperatures. This helps them keep their skin in good condition.
Environmental Adjustments
For dandruff caused by low humidity, adding a humidifier to your home can help maintain moisture in the air, especially during colder months. Regularly clean your home as well to remove any allergens that might cause an allergic reaction.
Allergy Management
If your dog’s dandruff is triggered by its allergies, we’ll work on helping your dog manage the symptoms. This will involve a hypoallergenic diet, using specific grooming products, or giving antihistamines to help control reactions.
Routine Grooming
Regular grooming helps remove dead skin cells, reduce flakiness, and distribute natural oils throughout your dog’s coat. Aim to brush and bathe according to your dog’s coat type. Check out our grooming guides based on your dog’s breed.
“A dandruff-free coat tells more than just looks. It’s a sign that your dog is healthy and comfortable.”
- Dr. Paulina Czerska
Final Thoughts
While dandruff can seem harmless, it’s actually what causes it that should be at the top of our concerns. Fortunately, this condition can be managed. Through a few tests and a couple of treatments, we can keep our dogs safe from dandruff and flakes.
Frequently Asked Questions
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