Explore the Breed
Breed Overview
Loyal, intelligent, confident, courageous, protective, and sometimes aloof
Up to 40 kg or 90 lbs
Various colors including black and tan, black and red, black and cleam, sable, solid black, and bi-color
Short or long hair
Saddleback, sable, and solid
Medium to dark brown
9-13 years
No
History of the German Shepherd
The German Shepherd breed started in Germany in the late 1800s. This breed came to be when Captain Max von Stephanitz bred different types of herding dogs to create the perfect working dog. The goal was to create a reliable dog who was strong, intelligent, and obedient.
Alsatians were mainly used for herding and guarding livestock. Then, during World War I, the German military saw their potential and trained them as messengers, guards, and search-and-rescue dogs. Their use in the military continued when World War II began.
After the war, soldiers brought them home and cared for the dogs as pets. These dogs become reliable companions that enable them to rise up as part of police, search and rescue, and other service roles.
Today, German Shepherds are still one of the most popular dog breeds globally. While they are used for several fields of work, they are still a popular choice for families and homes.
Physical Characteristics of German Shepherd
Head
German Shepherds have well-proportioned heads with slightly domed foreheads. They have long, straight muzzles with black noses, firm lips, and strong jaws that are well-developed.
Eyes
They have eyes that are medium in size, almond-shaped, and dark in color, typically dark brown.
Ears
German Shepherds have large, upright ears that are set high and carried erect. The ears are also pointed.
Body
GSDs have a muscular build and a body that’s slightly longer than their height. They have a deep chest, strong neck, and a level topline that slopes a bit toward the tail.
Limbs
They have strong and straight forelegs and muscular thighs. Their feet are compact, with arched toes.
Tail
Their tails are long, bushy, set low, and carried in a slight curve, but never curled over the back.
Coat
They have dense double coats of medium length. Their outer coats are straight, with colors that include black and tan, sable, white, and solid black.
Size
Male GSDs stand around 60-65 cm (24-26 inches), while females are 55-60 cm (22-24 inches) tall at the shoulder.
Weight
Male German Shepherds weigh 30-40 kg (65-90 lbs), and females weigh around 22-32 kg (50-70 lbs).
Just welcomed a German Shepherd
What to Expect With a German Shepherd
Health Concerns of German Shepherd
How to Groom a German Shepherd
Coat Maintenance
German Shepherds have a double coat that requires brushing 2 to 3 times a week to remove debris and loose hairs. Use a slicker brush and an undercoat rake to easily manage their coat and keep it clean. These are useful for the dog’s shedding season.
Skin Health
These dogs are prone to dry skin, which becomes vulnerable to sensitivities and allergies, leading to hot spots, dandruff, and persistent itchiness. It’s important to maintain their coats and bathe them properly for their skin health. Use moisturizers and gentle shampoos to do the trick.
Bathing Routine
GSDs only need a bath every six to eight weeks or when they become smelly or dirty. Using gentle, hypoallergenic shampoo for dogs can help keep their skins moisturized and their coats healthy. Avoid using human shampoos as these can strip the natural oils from their skin and fur.
Nail Trimming
Alsatians may need nail trimming every 3 to 4 weeks, or as needed. Using dog nail clippers is advisable for trimming their nails slowly and properly. Maintaining their nail length helps them keep their paws safe from potential injuries.
Ear Cleaning
Since they always spend time outside, always check their ears for any signs of dirt, debris, or infections. Use a pet-safe cleaning solution to wash away the debris, and use cotton balls to wipe the remaining liquid. Only clean the outer part and never insert anything inside.
Eye Care
GSD eyes usually don’t need any extra care, but it’s advisable to check their eyes regularly for discharge, cloudiness, or redness. If you find any discharge around their eyes, wipe it away using a soft, damp cloth.
Dental Hygiene
Brush their teeth 2 to 3 times a week using a toothbrush and toothpaste specifically made for dogs. You can offer dental treats and chew toys that can prevent gum disease and tartar buildup.
