GDV is one of the most serious emergencies dogs can face. It’s often called bloat, and it happens when the dog’s stomach fills up with gas, food, or fluid, and then twists on itself. The twist traps the contents inside, cutting off blood flow to the stomach and other vital organs. 

When the stomach fills up with gas, food, or fluid, it’s called dilatation. When the stomach twists, it’s known as volvulus. 

Without immediate treatment, the condition can prove fatal. What makes GDV so dangerous is how fast it develops and how quickly it can lead to shock. As the stomach expands, it presses against the diaphragm, making it hard for your dog to breathe. 

Blood circulation is disrupted, toxins build up, and the stomach tissue can start to die. In dire cases, even the heart and spleen can be affected. 

In this blog, we’ll tell you all about GDV in dogs, from the causes to treatment options.

What Causes GDV in Dogs? 

Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus in dogs doesn’t have a clear cause yet, but some factors have been known to increase the risk. Many of them have to do with your dog’s lifestyle. 

Breed and Body Type

Large, deep-chested breeds are much more likely to develop GDV. This includes dog breeds like Great Danes, Saint Bernards, Standard Poodles, and German Shepherds. Their chest structure gives the stomach more room to move and twist. 

Diet and Eating Habits

Dogs that eat very quickly, gulp air while eating, or eat one large meal a day are at higher risk. Additionally, feeding only dry kibble or any food high in fat and oil may increase the risk of bloat in some dogs. 

Activity Around Mealtime

Intense exercise and play after meals can also increase the risk of GDV in dogs. Much like humans, rest is recommended after eating in order to avoid any abdominal pain and gastrointestinal distress. 

Age and Sex

Older dogs are at a much higher risk of Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus, while males have a slightly higher chance of it compared to females. 

Symptoms of Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus in Dogs

GDV develops quickly, and in many cases, the signs can appear within a few minutes and hours. Because this is an emergency situation, take note of these common symptoms: 

• Unproductive Retching or Gagging. Your dog may appear to be trying to vomit, but this will just be some unproductive retching or gagging. This happens because the twisted stomach prevents the contents from leaving. 

• Enlarged or Firm Abdomen. Affected dogs may also have a swollen belly that is firm to the touch. 

• Restlessness or Pacing. Dogs may act uncomfortable, unable to settle, and keep moving from place to place. This is often due to the pain they feel. 

• Excessive Drooling. Excessive drooling is also another symptom caused by the nausea and discomfort they feel. 

• Rapid Breathing. As the stomach swells, it pushes against the diaphragm and makes it harder for your dog to breathe. 

• Weakness or Collapse. Some dogs may collapse due to restricted blood flow to the vital organs. 

• Abdominal Pain. Your dog may hold a praying position, which is often a common sign of pain and discomfort.