You might have come across your dog sneezing and looking a little under the weather. If so, then it seems that your dog has a cold. While dogs don’t catch the same cold viruses that humans do, they can develop respiratory infections that look very similar.
These dog cold symptoms can make life very uncomfortable for our best friends, with some even potentially worsening when left untreated.
The good news is that even though dogs can have colds, most cases are mild and can be managed at home. With that said, we’re going to share everything there is to know about dog colds and how to help.
What Causes Dog Cold?
When a dog shows signs of a cold, there isn’t a single reason why. There are several factors and agents involved in this condition.
Viruses
Viruses are the most common cause of cold-like symptoms in dogs. Canine influenza virus, canine adenovirus, canine distemper virus, and canine parainfluenza virus are the commonly observed agents. These viruses attack the dog’s respiratory tract and cause the symptoms of dog cold.
Many of the viruses are highly contagious, which means they can easily spread among dogs who have close contact with one another.
Bacteria
Bacterial agents can also cause the dog cold. The most common type is Bordetella bronchiseptica, the most common cause of kennel cough in dogs. Other culprits can include those of the Mycoplasma species.
The bacteria irritate the dog’s airways, triggering the symptoms and progressing into more serious conditions when left untreated.
Allergies
Sometimes, allergies can present cold-like symptoms in dogs. These can come from allergic reactions to pollen, dust, mold, chemicals, and many other allergens. They work by irritating the respiratory tract and causing difficulties with everyday breathing.
Unlike infectious agents, allergies can flare up depending on the season or specific environment.
Fungi
While not as common, fungal infections in dogs can also trigger cold-like symptoms. These agents are inhaled from a moist and damp environment, where the fungal spores thrive. Common causes include Blastomyces, Histoplasma, and Coccidioides.
How Can Dogs Catch a Cold?
Dogs can catch colds through several methods, which include:
Airborne Droplets. When a sick dog coughs or sneezes, tiny droplets carrying viruses or bacteria are released into the air. Other dogs nearby can easily inhale these germs and become infected.
Direct Contact. Dogs that greet each other nose-to-nose, lick, or share close physical interactions can pass on the infectious agents of a cold.
Shared Objects. Shared objects such as toys, food bowls, and even bedding can carry the pathogens that come from a sick dog. When a healthy dog comes into contact with these, they’ll be at risk of an infection.
Contaminated Environments. Unhygienic kennels, grooming salons, and daycare centers are places where dogs are in close contact with one another. Here, illnesses such as the dog cold can easily spread.
Dog Cold Symptoms: How to Know if My Dog Has a Cold?
Spotting a cold in dogs can have symptoms that overlap with other conditions. Still, it’s crucial to take note of each of them so the diagnostic process can go smoothly.
Sneezing and Coughing. These signs are some of the most obvious signs that your dog has a cold or a respiratory infection. A light sneeze may not mean much, but frequent sneezing or coughing can indicate irritation in the airways.
Runny Nose and Nasal Discharge. A runny nose is also another symptom of dog cold. Here, the dog’s nose may have clear fluid discharge. If this discharge is thick, yellow, or green, then it might be a bacterial infection.
Watery Eyes. Dogs with a cold often have watery eyes. Sometimes, it can be due to an allergic reaction. In others, it might be a serious infection.
Lethargy and Fatigue. If your dog has a cold, they’ll be visibly tired. They’ll hesitate to play and even lie down more often.
Reduced Appetite. Similarly, they’ll also lose interest in their meals and favorite treats. You might notice that their bowls will still have food.
How Is the Dog Cold Diagnosed?
If we want to know the cause, we’ll start at the beginning. Our vets will check your dog’s condition and look at its symptoms. Your observations at home will be greatly considered. If your dog has been to any of the common hotspots for an infection, then be sure to let us know.
We will listen to your dog’s lungs through a stethoscope, check the temperature, and look at the eyes, nose, and throat. After the initial examination, we can proceed to more specialized laboratory tests.
One of these is a nasal or throat swab. Using a sterile swab, we may collect a sample of mucus from your dog’s nose or throat. This sample will be PCR tested to check for the viral DNA or grown in a culture to identify the bacteria.
Blood tests can also check the levels of white blood cells, which rise when the body is fighting an infection. Plus, they can see how well your dog’s organs are functioning.
If your dog has a persistent cough, fever, or labored breathing, chest X-rays may be ordered. This helps us see inside the lungs and airways to check for any potential issues. In some cases, we can do a bronchoscopy to check the airways.
Dog Cold Treatment
Most of the time, a dog can recover from a cold with consistent rest and a few supportive methods at home.
If your dog’s cold persists for several days, then this can be a sign that they need medical help. Plus, if the symptoms get worse, then it’s a sure sign.
Antibiotics may be given if a bacterial infection is confirmed. Other pet medications like cough suppressants and anti-inflammatories will be prescribed. In some cases, we may need to administer IV fluids and do oxygen therapy.
Home Remedies for Dog Cold
The best way to treat dog cold is by providing a space for complete recovery. While veterinary care is a core component, ensuring your dog’s recovery starts at home.
Provide a Comfortable Space
Start by creating a cozy spot for your dog away from the drafts. Use soft bedding and pillows to encourage rest. Make sure this area is secure so that they won’t have the thought of running around and spending their energy.
Encourage Eating and Drinking
Dogs may eat less when they have a cold, especially if their nose is congested. Warming up their food a little bit and providing a few treats can be a good idea to entice them. You can help by feeding them directly. Plus, be sure to provide fresh water at all times.
This part is very important, as dogs require a healthy diet to recover well.
Use a Humidifier
Dry air can make congestion worse, so start by running a humidifier in the room where your dog rests and sleeps. Another option is to let your dog sit in a steamy bathroom for 10 to 15 minutes while a hot shower is running. This can help loosen up the airways.
Maintain a Clean Home
Allergens around the home may interfere with your dog’s breathing, making recovery difficult. Make sure to regularly clean your home and focus on bedding, furniture, carpets, and pillows. Plus, you can use an air purifier to make the air cleaner.
Give Honey
In some cases, honey can be a good home remedy for dog cold. It can soothe a dog’s throat and help reduce the cough. A teaspoon is enough for small dogs, while a tablespoon is good for large dogs. Keep in mind that this isn’t a replacement for your dog’s medicines.
“A little love, patience, and care can help your dog bounce back stronger than ever.”
- Dr. Lidija Krvavac
Final Thoughts
Seeing your best friend coughing and sneezing can be worrying. Fortunately, the chances of recovery are high if your dog has a cold. It just takes a few supportive care options to help your dog recover that happy smile and active life.
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