Diagnosing Rabies in Cats

Rabies diagnosis is challenging because the virus is evaluated based on symptoms alone, and the early signs often overlap with other diseases. If an infection is suspected, it's crucial to bring your cat to the clinic for an evaluation by our veterinarians.

Direct fluorescent antibody test

The definitive way to diagnose rabies is by performing a post-mortem brain exam using the direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test. The virus cannot be diagnosed in a living animal.

Having your cat's brain examined is crucial. It's done by collecting a sample of brain tissue, specifically from the brainstem, hippocampus, and cerebellum, because this is where the rabies virus concentrates.

This sample is pressed onto glass slides to create a smear, which is then fixed in cold acetone. Next, it's incubated with fluorescently labeled anti-rabies antibodies. If the virus is present, the antibodies bind to the viral antigens and appear "apple-green" under a fluorescence microscope.

Veterinarian examination

At the clinic, our veterinarians will identify the classic clinical signs of rabies in cats, such as behavioral changes, weakness, and drooling. If a cat is suspected of exposure, we'll notify MOCCAE. 

Since rabies is incurable and fatal, this may lead to quarantine or humane euthanasia to protect the community and public safety.

Treatment

Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment once clinical signs appear. It's crucial to seek immediate care if you notice bites, scratches, or any changes in your cat's body.

If your cat is vaccinated but has been exposed, then our vets may administer an additional booster shot to prompt the immune system to fight the virus. The rabies vaccine is an effective preventive measure against the virus. However, it's not a definite treatment option after rabies exposure.

Unvaccinated cats exposed to the virus must undergo strict quarantine for up to six months under the supervision of local authorities. If your cat has been bitten by a wild animal or even a domestic pet, contact our vets immediately.

Euthanasia of a Rabid Cat

For cases where cats have been exposed and are showing symptoms, they will be humanely euthanized to protect public health and avoid significant health risks to other pets.

Humane euthanasia is done by sedating the cat to safely render it free of pain or stress. Once the cat is asleep or unconscious, a lethal dose of barbiturate anesthetic is injected intravenously. This helps cats peacefully pass away.

How to prevent feline rabies?

Animal rabies prevention is crucial to avoid exposure. It's done by scheduling your cat's vaccinations early on. Cats should get vaccinated against rabies when they are between 12 and 16 weeks of age. A booster vaccine is essential one year later, followed by annual boosters for routine care.

Due to the severity of rabies and the limited sources of treatment, vaccination is required by law in most countries, including the UAE. This significantly helps reduce cases of the viral disease and prevents further complications before it is too late.

Additionally, keeping your cat indoors can help prevent and control rabies by avoiding interactions with stray cats and wild animals. Never approach or attempt to handle stray animals, even if they seem friendly.

It's also a good idea to have your cat spayed or neutered to reduce their urge to roam outside, decreasing their chance of encountering infected animals.

“Rabies is one of the most heartbreaking and preventable diseases we see. A single vaccine can mean the difference between life and irreversible loss. We urge all cat parents to stay proactive.”

- Dr. Lidija Krvavac

Rabies prevention is not just for cats but for the entire community. It's best to stay prepared and keep your cat protected from this viral disease. With consistent vaccination and routine care, you'll effectively safeguard the health and happiness of your feline companion.